Chlamydia-like organisms, described as Neochlamydia hartmannellae were found in an amoebal strain of the genus Hartmannella. Due to 16S rRNA sequences Neochlamydia is distantly related to Parachlamydia. While in Parachlamydia no bacteriophages are known so far, electron microscopy revealed that the endocytobiotic strain of Neochlamydia hartmannellae was infected with virus-like particles resembling bacteriophages.