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009 - 040
- Zusammenfsg.
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Intracytoplasmic membrane structures (ICM) are regular in domain Bacteria. Phenetically, ICM associate themselves with the gram-negative type cell envelope and with energy metabolism of photo-, litho-, or methylotrophic type. Morphologically, ICM are represented by monotonous arrays of interconnected vesicular, tubular, or disc-shaped elements, as well as by membrane duplexes of complex geometry termed the lamellar system. ICM are permanently, though to a variable extent, anastomosing with the cytoplasmic membrane (CM). Variant modes of ICM biogenesis are regulated (post)transcriptionally, and proceed autonomously or in association with the CM. ICM are specialized for the generation of metabolic energy and, to a minor degree, for biosyntheses; interactions of ICM with the genetic material, ribosomes, and functional inclusions are also indicated. The properties of ICM in special cell types are determined by the genomic and metabolic statuses of particular differentiated cells or endocytobionts. ICM are typical of ancestral phenotypes; in the phylogeny of bacteria, they tend to be discarded and, in some instances, secondarily acquired. The distinctions in ICM organization between bacteria and nucleate organisms, as well as the global routes of ICM evolution, are commented.
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